| Abduction | Drawing away from the midline of the body |
| Acetabulum | Cup shaped socket of the hip bone |
| Achilles Tendon | A large tendon connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone |
| Adducted/adducted | To move a limb or any other part towards the midline of the body |
| Anterior | At or towards the front |
| Arthrogram | X-ray with dye |
| Bilateral | Affecting both sides |
| Breech | Position of the baby in the womb, so that it will be delivered buttocks first |
| Calcaneum (os Calcis)/Calcaneus | Heel bone/describes the position of the hind foot when in an upwards position |
| Congenital | Present around the time of birth |
| DDH | Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Developmental Arising in infancy or childhood and dependent on growth |
| Dislocated | The head of the thighbone is positioned outside the socket and cannot be re-centred (displaced) |
| Dorsal surface (dorsum) | Top of foot |
| Dorsiflexion | Bending the ankle so the foot points up |
| Dysplasia | Lack of normal growth, in the hip often refers to under development |
| Epiphysis | The growing section of bone |
| Eversion | Turning the sole of the foot upward |
| Femoral Head | Ball shaped top of thigh bone |
| Femur | Thigh bone |
| Fibula | Bone on the outer side of the leg below the knee |
| Gait | Style of walking |
| Idiopathic | A condition of which the cause is not known |
| Instability | In the hip refers to a joint which has too much movement |
| Inversion | Turning the sole of the foot inward |
| Lateral | The outer edge |
| Lax | Loose |
| Ligament | Tough band of connective tissue that links two bones together at a joint |
| Metatarsal bones | The five bones of the foot between the tarsal bones and the toes |
| Metatarsus varus or Metatarsus adductus | Inward turning of the metatarsal which goes a pigeon toed appearance |
| Orthopaedics | A branch of medicine that deals with bones and joints |
| Orthosis | Splint or support |
| Ostearthritis | Disease of wear and tear in a joint, causes pain and lack of mobility in the joint |
| Osteotomy | Surgical division of the bone |
| Plantar | Relating to the sole of the foot |
| Plantar flexion | Bending the ankle so the foot points down |
| Plantar surface | Sole of the foot |
| Plantigrade | Walking normally on the whole sole of the foot |
| Prognosis | A prediction of a future outcome |
| Pronation | Foot rolling inwards |
| Reduction | To restore a joint to its correct position, closed reduction is done by manipulation. Open reduction is done by surgery |
| Subluxated | Partial dislocation of a joint, so that the bones are mis-aligned, but still in contact |
| Tarsal bone | Bones in the foot between the ankle joint and the metatarsal bones |
| Tendon | A tough fibrous tissue that connects muscle to the bone |
| Tenotomy | The surgical cutting of a tendon |
| Tibia | Shin bone (next to fibula)( |
| Ultrasound | A technique which uses high frequency sound waves to build up a picture of soft tissue and organs in the body |
| Unilateral | Affecting one side |
| Valgus | Directed away from the midline of the body |
| Varus | Directed towards the midline of the body |
| X-Ray | A technique which uses very low dose radiation to image parts of the body, especially useful for imag |